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Sitemaps are a way to make search engines aware of your internal links making it easier for them to index your website. Robots are useful to tell search engines what pages you dont want them to index.

A site map is a visual or textually organized model of a Web site's content that allows the users to navigate through the site to find the information they are looking for, just as a traditional geographical map helps people find places they are looking for in the real world. A site map is a kind of interactive table of contents, in which each listed item links directly to its counterpart sections of the Web site.
A robots.txt file gives instructions to web robots about the pages the website owner doesn’t wish to be ‘crawled’. For instance, if you didn’t want your images to be listed by Google and other search engines, you’d block them using your robots.txt file.

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Sitemap.xml is used to tell the google bots about your website pages. Basically xml sitemap is used for spiders and users. You can set frequency and priority while creating this and upload this through your webmaster tool.
Robots.txt : The robots exclusion protocol (REP), or robots.txt is a text file webmasters create to instruct robots (typically search engine robots) how to crawl and index pages on their website.

A sitemap is an XML file which contains a list of all of the webpages on your site as well as metadata (metadata being information that relates to each URL). In the same way as a robots. txt file works, a sitemap allows search engines to crawl through an index of all the webpages on your site in one place.
The robots. txt file, also known as the robots exclusion protocol or standard, is a text file that tells web robots (most often search engines) which pages on your site to crawl. It also tells web robots which pages not to crawl.